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American Journal of Medical Case Reports. 2014, 2(3), 57-74
DOI: 10.12691/AJMCR-2-3-5
Review Article

A Review on Study of Various Ionotropic Calcium Sensitizing Drugs in Congestive Heart Failure Treatment

Mohammad Asif1,

1Department of Pharmacy, GRD(PG)IMT, Dehradun, India

Pub. Date: April 11, 2014
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Cite this paper

Mohammad Asif. A Review on Study of Various Ionotropic Calcium Sensitizing Drugs in Congestive Heart Failure Treatment. American Journal of Medical Case Reports. 2014; 2(3):57-74. doi: 10.12691/AJMCR-2-3-5

Abstract

Acute Heart failure (AHF), clinical signs of low cardiac output, therapy with positive inotropic drug for cardiac care is mandatory. Three classes of inotropic drugs are currently available, like β-adrenergic agonists (especially dobutamine), phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors (such as milrinone) and Ca2+ sensitizers (levosimendan). The mechanisms of action of these drugs, and important issues regarding their clinical indications and potential risks associated with their use are studied. Oral inotropes did not always improve mortality of the patients with heart failure (HF) partly because of possible direct toxic effects of these agents on myocytes, exacerbating arrhythmias, enhancing neurohormonal activity. Ca2+ sensitizers such as pimobendan and levosimendan were improve even mortality of the patients with HF through increasing cardiac contractility (CC) without a rise in (Ca2+)i. However, these agents disappoint our expectations. We need the development of the agents which has more specific effect of Ca2+ sensitizing.

Keywords

calcium sensitizers, ionotrpic, heart failure

Copyright

Creative CommonsThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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