Skip Navigation Links.
Collapse <span class="m110 colortj mt20 fontw700">Volume 12 (2024)</span>Volume 12 (2024)
Collapse <span class="m110 colortj mt20 fontw700">Volume 11 (2023)</span>Volume 11 (2023)
Collapse <span class="m110 colortj mt20 fontw700">Volume 10 (2022)</span>Volume 10 (2022)
Collapse <span class="m110 colortj mt20 fontw700">Volume 9 (2021)</span>Volume 9 (2021)
Collapse <span class="m110 colortj mt20 fontw700">Volume 8 (2020)</span>Volume 8 (2020)
Collapse <span class="m110 colortj mt20 fontw700">Volume 7 (2019)</span>Volume 7 (2019)
Collapse <span class="m110 colortj mt20 fontw700">Volume 6 (2018)</span>Volume 6 (2018)
Collapse <span class="m110 colortj mt20 fontw700">Volume 5 (2017)</span>Volume 5 (2017)
Collapse <span class="m110 colortj mt20 fontw700">Volume 4 (2016)</span>Volume 4 (2016)
Collapse <span class="m110 colortj mt20 fontw700">Volume 3 (2015)</span>Volume 3 (2015)
Collapse <span class="m110 colortj mt20 fontw700">Volume 2 (2014)</span>Volume 2 (2014)
Collapse <span class="m110 colortj mt20 fontw700">Volume 1 (2013)</span>Volume 1 (2013)
American Journal of Medical Case Reports. 2015, 3(4), 117-120
DOI: 10.12691/AJMCR-3-4-9
Case Report

Gilbert’s Syndrome Successfully Treated with the Paleolithic Ketogenic Diet

Csaba Tóth1 and Zsófia Clemens1, 2,

1Paleomedicina Hungary Ltd., Evolutionary Medicine Working Group, Budapest, H-1026 Hidász u. 3/A, Hungary

2Neurological Department, University of Pécs, Pécs, H-7623, Rét u. 2, Hungary

Pub. Date: April 12, 2015

Cite this paper

Csaba Tóth and Zsófia Clemens. Gilbert’s Syndrome Successfully Treated with the Paleolithic Ketogenic Diet. American Journal of Medical Case Reports. 2015; 3(4):117-120. doi: 10.12691/AJMCR-3-4-9

Abstract

Gilbert’s syndrome (GS) is a common hyperbilirubinaemia syndrome caused by reduced conjugation of serum bilirubin by the liver. Although it is considered as a common and harmless condition not requiring treatment symptoms associated with GS may be unfavorable. Here we present a case of GS where high level of total and direct bilirubin, yellowish discoloration of the sclera as well as associated symptoms including migraine, fatigue and granulomatosus dermatitis were reversed following a shift toward the popular paleolithic and then toward the paleolithic ketogenic diet.

Keywords

Gilbert’s syndrome, Paleolithic ketogenic diet, hyperbilirubinaemia, liver function

Copyright

Creative CommonsThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

References

[1]  Owens D, Evans J. Population studies on Gilbert's syndrome. J Med Genet 1975; 12: 152-6.
 
[2]  Strassburg CP. Hyperbilirubinemia syndromes (Gilbert-Meulengracht, Crigler-Najjar, Dubin-Johnson, and Rotor syndrome). Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2010; 24: 555-71.
 
[3]  Wallner M, Bulmer AC, Mölzer C, Müllner E, Marculescu R, Doberer D, et al. Haem catabolism: a novel modulator of inflammation in Gilbert's syndrome. Eur J Clin Invest 2013; 43: 912-9.
 
[4]  Vítek L, Jirsa M, Brodanová M, Kalab M, Marecek Z, Danzig V, et al. Gilbert syndrome and ischemic heart disease: a protective effect of elevated bilirubin levels. Atherosclerosis 2002; 160: 449-56.
 
[5]  Horsfall LJ, Nazareth I, Pereira SP, Petersen I. Gilbert's syndrome and the risk of death: a population-based cohort study. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013; 28: 1643-7.
 
[6]  Tsezou A, Tzetis M, Giannatou E, Spanos I, Roma E, Fretzayas A, et al. Gilbert syndrome as a predisposing factor for cholelithiasis risk in the Greek adult population. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2009; 13: 143-6.
 
[7]  Clemens Z, Kelemen A, Fogarasi A, Tóth C. Childhood Absence Epilepsy Successfully Treated with the Paleolithic Ketogenic Diet. Neurology and Therapy 2013; 2: 71-6.
 
[8]  Tóth C, Clemens Z. Type 1 diabetes mellitus successfully managed with the paleolithic ketogenic diet. Int J Case Rep Images 2014; 5: 699-703.
 
[9]  Tóth C, Clemens Z. Successful treatment of a patient with obesity, type 2 diabetes and hypertension with the paleolithic ketogenic diet. 2015 Int J Case Rep Images (accepted for publication).
 
[10]  Voegtlin WL. The stone age diet: based on in-depth studies of human ecology and the diet of man. New York: Vantage Press; 1975.
 
[11]  Fevery J. Bilirubin in clinical practice: a review. Liver Int 2008; 28: 592-605.
 
[12]  Barrett PV. Effects of caloric and noncaloric materials in fasting hyperbilirubinemia. Gastroenterology 1975; 68: 361-9.
 
[13]  Felsher BF, Carpio NM. Caloric intake and unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Gastroenterology 1975; 69: 42-7.
 
[14]  Gollan JL, Bateman C, Billing BH. Effect of dietary composition on the unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia of Gilbert's syndrome. Gut 1976; 17: 335-40.
 
[15]  Nicklas T, Johnson R; American Dietetic Association. Position of the American Dietetic Association: Dietary guidance for healthy children ages 2 to 11 years. J Am Diet Assoc 2004; 104: 660-77.
 
[16]  Harcombe Z, Baker JS, Cooper SM, et al. Evidence from randomised controlled trials did not support the introduction of dietary fat guidelines in 1977 and 1983: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Open Heart 2015; 2: e000196.
 
[17]  Paoli A, Rubini A, Volek JS, Grimaldi KA. Beyond weight loss: a review of the therapeutic uses of very-low-carbohydrate (ketogenic) diets. Eur J Clin Nutr 2013; 67: 789-96.
 
[18]  Cordain L. The paleo diet: lose weight and get healthy by eating the food you were designed to eat. New York: Wiley; 2002.
 
[19]  Österdahl M, Kocturk T, Koochek A, Wändell PE. Effects of a short-term intervention with a paleolithic diet in healthy volunteers. Eur J Clin Nutr 2008; 62: 682-5.
 
[20]  Jönsson T, Granfeldt Y, Ahrén B, Branell UC, Pålsson G, Hansson A, Söderström M, Lindeberg S. Beneficial effects of a Paleolithic diet on cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetes: a randomized cross-over pilot study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2009; 8: 35.
 
[21]  Frassetto LA, Schloetter M, Mietus-Synder M, Morris RC Jr, Sebastian A. Metabolic and physiologic improvements from consuming a paleolithic, hunter-gatherer type diet. Eur J Clin Nutr 2009; 63: 947-55.
 
[22]  Mellberg C, Sandberg S, Ryberg M, Eriksson M, Brage S, Larsson C, Olsson T, Lindahl B. Long-term effects of a Palaeolithic-type diet in obese postmenopausal women: a 2-year randomized trial. Eur J Clin Nutr 2014; 68: 350-7.
 
[23]  Tóth C. Paleolithic medicine (Paleolit orvoslás). Budapest: Jaffa; 2012.