Non-Compaction Cardiomyopathy Presented with Atrial Fibrillation: A Case Report and Literature Review

Tian Li¹, Leonel Mendoza¹, Wesley Chan¹ and Isabel M. McFarlane^1,

¹Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Science University, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA

Cite this paper

Tian Li, Leonel Mendoza, Wesley Chan and Isabel M. McFarlane. Non-Compaction Cardiomyopathy Presented with Atrial Fibrillation: A Case Report and Literature Review. American Journal of Medical Case Reports. 2020; 8(9):281-283. doi: 10.12691/AJMCR-8-9-7

Abstract

Background: Left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy (LVNC) is a rare congenital cardiomyopathy characterized by increased trabeculation in one or more segments of the ventricle. LVNC presented with non-specific symptoms and highly variable clinical presentation ranging from asymptomatic to progressive heart failure and recurrent or life-threatening arrhythmias. Case presentation: 54-year-old Black man with a history of hypertension, diabetes and end-stage renal disease presented with one day palpitations and lightheadedness following a dialysis session. He denied any dyspnea or syncope. On examination, blood pressure was 175/91 mmHg with irregular pulse. No murmur, rubs or gallops were appreciated. Laboratory were unremarkable except increased creatinine and mild anemia with normal thyroid function test. Electrocardiogram (ECG) revealed atrial fibrillation with normal ventricular rate. Transthoracic echocardiogram revealed mildly increased left ventricular (LV) wall thickness with prominent trabeculation and ejection fraction of 55-60 percent, a pseudo-normal LV filling pattern, with concomitant abnormal relaxation and increased filling pressure, suggestive of LVNC. The patient was switched to apixaban. Genetic testing was recommended for family members. Conclusions: LVNC is rare congenital cardiomyopathy with non-specific symptoms and should be considered among the possible diagnosis in patients presenting with arrythmia patients. Echocardiographic and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging can be utilized to establish diagnosis.

Keywords

Cardiac arrythmia, Non-compaction Cardiomyopathy, Trabeculation, spongiform

Copyright

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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